We have been studying protein synthesis on ribosomes for many years. One of the open questions concerns the translocation of the nascent protein through the ribosome during synthesis (1). It is still unclear what forces drive the peptide from the catalytic center, buried deep within the ribosome, toward the ribosome surface.
To address this, we performed a series of non-equilibrium...
Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases are progressive neurodegenerative disorders that currently have no cure. Deep brain stimulation (DBS), which delivers electrical signals to specific brain regions via implanted electrodes, has been used since the 1980s to alleviate symptoms. However, conventional metal electrodes often trigger inflammation, motivating the search for more biocompatible...
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as key vehicles for nucleic acid (NA) delivery, promising novel tool for vaccination, cancer and rare diseases therapy. LNPs are complex structures, composed of ionizable lipids (ILs), helper lipids, PEGylated lipids and cargos. ILs are responsible for efficient encapsulation of the NA cargo and for NA release during endosome maturation. The dynamic...
